
Stimulating insulin secretion from the pancreas when blood glucose rises
Inhibiting glucagon release, which helps prevent excess glucose production by the liver
Slowing gastric emptying, leading to prolonged digestion and steadier blood sugar levels

Available as Victoza (for diabetes) and Saxenda (for weight management)
Available as Ozempic (for diabetes) and Wegovy (for weight management)
Available as Mounjaro (for diabetes and weight management)
GLP-1 agonists are powerful tools for lowering blood glucose because they boost insulin release while at the same time suppressing glucose production in the liver. Doctors commonly turn to these injectable medications when standard oral options such as metformin fail to provide adequate control. Evidence also suggests that certain GLP-1 agonists can offer cardiovascular benefits by reducing the likelihood of serious heart events in individuals with type 2 diabetes and known heart disease.
For non diabetic individuals, GLP-1 agonists including Wegovy and Saxenda have been approved by the FDA as treatments for obesity. These medications strengthen feelings of fullness and dial down appetite, so patients can eat less while still feeling comfortable. Trials have shown that combining GLP-1 therapy with lifestyle changes often results in substantial and durable weight loss.
GLP-1 receptor agonists regulate glucose by encouraging the pancreas to release more insulin after eating and by suppressing glucagon. Together, these actions help avoid large post meal jumps in blood sugar and improve overall glycemic stability. Because they work only when glucose is elevated, they are less likely to cause hypoglycemia than many standard diabetes medications.
A major strength of GLP-1 therapy is its ability to aid long lasting weight loss and ongoing weight management. By slowing how quickly food leaves the stomach and signaling the brain to enhance fullness, GLP-1 medications help curb appetite and make it easier for individuals to naturally eat less. Clinical trials have demonstrated that drugs such as liraglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide can produce substantial and sustained weight loss when paired with nutrition and exercise programs.



GLP-1/GIP co-agonists engage both GLP-1 and GIP receptors, creating a combined effect that enhances insulin release after meals and improves appetite regulation more than single pathway treatments. Because they influence multiple hormonal signals, these medications can better control blood sugar and reduce overeating, making them attractive candidates for treating obesity and type 2 diabetes.
GLP-1/glucagon co-agonists act on both GLP-1 and glucagon receptors to increase energy expenditure and support weight reduction, while still protecting lean muscle mass.

